Effect of landscape structure on coleopterans (Insecta: Coleoptera) associated with macrofungi of Lachuá Ecoregion, Alta Verapaz, Guatemala
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54495/Rev.Cientifica.v25i1.96Keywords:
Lachuá Ecoregion, landscape, macrofungi, Coleoptera, functional groupsAbstract
Throughout the past few decades, Lachuá Ecoregion, in Cobán, Alta Verapaz, has suffered the loss of more than 50% of forest cover, substituted with crops, pasture and human settlements. Macrofungi have been particularly affected by the change in land use, since the group diversity is lower in areas without forest cover. Therefore, the organisms associated with fungi could also be affected by such cover loss. In this research, the effect of landscape structure (e.g. forest cover, land use types, number of patches, permeability), on diversity and proportions of functional groups of fungi- associated coleopterans, were evaluated in eight localities with different types of landscape in Lachuá Ecoregion. As a result, the localities were classified in two main groups: 1) localities with large forest cover without fragmentation (i.e. Laguna Lachuá National Park –LLNP-); 2) localities with fragmented forest cover and other land use types (i.e. areas outside LLNP).
In addition, coleopterans were collected directly from fungal fruiting bodies, during seven months of 2010 and 2011, on each of the eight localities of Lachuá Ecorregion.
Diversity and proportions of functional groups of fungi-associated coleopterans were calculated and the data of the eight landscape plots where evaluated using ordination and cluster analysis. Twelve coleopteran families were identified (71 morphospecies), assorted in three functional groups (i.e. obligated fungivores, facultative fungivores and predators); the 88% of specimens were identified as obligate fungivores. The diversity of coleopterans was higher in the localities with more forest cover and less fragmentation. The lowest diversity levels where located in localities with less forest cover and more fragments. Also, the proportion of obligated fungivores diminishes in the localities with less forest cover and high levels of fragmentation.
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