Determination of the immunomodulatory activity of the edible basidiomycetes: Cantharellus lateritius Singer (Berk) Singer, Armillariella polymyces (Pers.: Letell.) Sing & Clem, Lacearia amethystina Cooke, Lactaria deliciosa (L. ex Fr) SF Gray and Pleurotos ostreatus (Jacquini ex Fries) Kummer
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54495/Rev.Cientifica.v18i1.169Keywords:
Actividad inmunomoduladora, Cantharellus lateritius, Armillariella polymyces, Lacearía amethystina, Lactarias deliciosas, Pleurotos ostreatusAbstract
Activity of aqueous and ethanol extracts from five species of edible mushrooms was evaluated. The species of basidiomycetcs were: Armillariella polymyces (Silip in Q' eqchi' language), Cantharellus lateritius (Anacate), Lacearla amethystina (Little hat, xara’s hat. nun), Lactarias deliciosas (Yellow shara, amacaria, xara's head) and Pleurotos ostreatus (oyster fungus, white fungus). The immunomodulalive activity of extracts obtained from the fruitful body of every mushroom over human lymphocytes was studied by a lymphoproliferation assay and also two in vitro hemolytic assays were performed to prove their influence
over complement system, both classic and alternative pathways. The effect on the lymphoproliferation, was measured through the evaluation of the cellular viability of human lymphocytes faced against different concentrations of aqueous and ethanol extracts of each mushroom. The results show inhibitory activity in P ostreatus (aqueous extract: 52 ±14 % of inhibition at 500 pg/mL: ethanol extract 98±3 % of inhibition at 1000 pg/mL) and C. lateritius (ethanol extract: 119=13 % of inhibition at 500 pg/mL). Nevertheless, the above mentioned activity was unspecific since there was no dose-response effect. For the evaluation of the complement activity, two hemolysis based bioassays of sheep and rabbit erythrocytes for the classical and alternative pathway respectively were used. For classic pathway the inhibitory activity with dose-response effect exceeding the IC., was observed in aqueous extracts of .4. polymyces, L. amethystine and L. deliciosas (IC 12 mg/mL. 14 mg/niL and 0.04 mg/mL respectively). Ethanol extract of C. lateritius showed inhibitory activity with no dose-response effect, the alternative pathway showed inhibitory activity with dose-response effect for the aqueous extracts of L amethystina and.4. polymyces (IC : 5 mg/mL for both). Aqueous extract of C. lateritius showed inhibitory activity with no dose-response effect. Results suggest that more studies have to be performed in order to determine the compounds responsible of the demonstrated activity.
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