Isolation and identification of the avian infectious bronchitis virus in Central America
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54495/Rev.Cientifica.v9i1.394Keywords:
isolation, identification, avian infectious bronchitis virus, Central AmericaAbstract
The poultry industry moves large sums of money annually due to the importance of the consumption of eggs and chicken meat in the population. Due to the particular characteristics of mass production and maintenance of birds, the transmission of infectious agents is imminent and therefore this allows diseases of viral or bacterial origin to spread in flocks, representing one of the biggest problems in the poultry industry.
Avian Infectious Bronchitis is an infection caused by a Coronavirus, and is manifested by respiratory conditions and a considerable drop in the posture of birds: for this reason it has great importance within poultry farming. Prophylaxis is the most appropriate method for the control of this disease, and therefore it is essential that vaccination plans are successful.
Currently, Avian Infectious Bronchitis has gained a lot of attention, since during the last years there have been numerous outbreaks from which the virus has been isolated from birds that have been adequately vaccinated with commercial vaccines. The present study shows that the strains isolated from these birds are new serotypes, different from those previously described and different from those used to prevent the disease.
Three viruses isolated from field animals from Guatemala, El Salvador and Costa Rica were analyzed in order to determine whether they corresponded antigenically to the Massachusetts and Arkansas vaccine strains used in these countries. And whether there was also an antigenic relationship between them. To do this, antiserums were produced in pathogen-free birds and antibodies against BIA with the five strains mentioned above; each of the viruses was compared to the five antiserums and also to a negative control serum. The Serum Neutralization method was used in chicken embryos, using the constant serum and diluted virus technique. With the results obtained from the serum neutralizations, the Neutralizing Indicator was obtained in each test, establishing whether there were neutralizations of the virus by the antiserum. From these results it is concluded that the virus isolated in Guatemala is antigenically different from the two vaccine strains used. The virus isolated in Guatemala is antigenically different from the two vaccine strains used. The virus from El Salvador, on the other hand, antigenically corresponds to the Arkansas strain. In the case of the virus from Costa Rica, partial neutralizations were obtained in one way, which indicates that it is related to the other viruses; but no conclusions can be drawn about the antigenic identity.
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Copyright (c) 1993 Escalante Paz de Ramírez, Glenda Marina, Federico Richter M.
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