Phylogenetic analysis of HIV-1 variants of a comprehensive HIV clinic in Guatemala, through the subtyping of the pol-HIV-1 region sequences obtained during the period 2010-2015
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54495/Rev.Cientifica.v29i1.48Keywords:
HIV, HIV-1, subtyping, subtype BAbstract
The HIV genome contains nine genes, three of these genes (gag, pol and env) encoded for structural proteins. There are two main variants of this virus, HIV-1 and HIV-2. The first one (HIV-1) is the cause of most infections worldwide, of which nine subtypes and 58 circulating recombinant forms (CRF) have been identified. In
Central America, subtype B of HIV-1 is the cause of the majority of HIV positive cases. In Guatemala, it has been reported the presence of subtype B, recombinant forms BF1 and subtype C. However, no phylogenetic analysis has been performed to indicate the variants of this subtype. The aim of the study was to subtype 400 sequences of the pol region of HIV-1 of samples that were obtained from a care clinic during the period 2010 to 2015. To determine the different subtypes of HIV-1 present in Guatemala, the subtyping of the sequences obtained by the genotype test in FASTA format was performed with REGA HIV-1 Subtyping Tool - Version 3.0. In order to determine the relationship between HIV-1 variants, an alignment of sequences and phylogenetic trees was performed using the Neighbor Union and Maximum Likelihood method with 100 bootstrap replicas, with the MEGA 7.0.21 program. It was determined that the subtypes with the highest
prevalence of the studied sequences are the subtype B (71.5 %), recombinant BD (16.75%) and subtype B-like with (7.75 %).
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