Nutritional support in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection: what does the literature say about the nutritional approach in these cases?
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.54495/Rev.Cientifica.v32i1.389Keywords:
nutrition, SARS-CoV-2, comorbidities, oxygen therapyAbstract
COVID-19 leads to rapid activation of the innate immune system, raising the levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines. If the body fails to control this inflammatory response, the so-called “cytokine storm” occurs, responsible for the severe clinical presentation of the disease. The SARS-CoV-2 virus is characterized by causing severe acute respiratory complications. The alteration of the nutritional status in a patient with severe infection by the SARS-CoV-2 virus is multifactorial, however, there are two distinctive situations that directly impact the nutritional status the decrease in food intake and the increase in nutritional needs. Nutrition is essential to preserve the respiratory function through the course of the disease. In order to reduce complications, hospital stay and mortality, nutritional support must be adequate throughout the entire infection process. Therefore, the integration of available scientific information about the nutritional approach in patients with severe SARS-CoV-2 infection is considered to be useful in guiding prescriptions for specialized nutritional support.
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